Sources
The Holy Quran.
Nahj al-Balāghah.
Ahmadi, B. (1992 AD/1371 SH). Towards Semiotics. Tehran: Nashr-e Markaz.
Ᾱmidī, A. M. (1987 AD/1366 SH). Ghurar al-Ḥikam wa Durar al-Kalim. Qom: Islamic Propaganda Office.
Ibn Ḥamīd Ṣāliḥ. (1999 AD/1420 AH). Nāẓir Naḍrat al-Naʻīm fī Makārim Akhlāq al-Rasūl al-Karīm. Vol. 3. Jeddah: Dar al-Wasilah.
Eagleton, T. (2016 AD/1395 SH). Literary Theory: An Introduction. (Mokhber, A. Trans). Tehran: Nashr-e Markaz.
Irbilī, A. (2002 AD/1381 SH). Kashf al-Ghumma fī Maʻrifat al-Aʼimma. 2 vols. Tabriz - Iran: Bani Hashemi.
Tajik. (2010 AD/1389 SH). "Semiotics, Theory and Method." Political Science Research Journal. Vol. 5, no. 4.
Chandler, D. (2008 AD/1387 SH). Semiotics: The Basics. Tehran: Sureh Mehr Publications.
Ḥurr al-ʻᾹmilī, M. (2004 AD/1425 SH). Ithbāt al-Hudāt bil Nuṣūṣ wa al-Muʻjizāt. 5 vols. Beirut - Lebanon: Mu'assasat al-A'lami lil-Matbu'at.
Rāghib Iṣfahānī, H. M. (1984 AD/1404 AH). Mufradāt Gharīb al-Quran. Vol. 2. Tehran: Daftar Nashr-e Ketab.
Sarakhsi, Sh. D. (1986 AD/1406 AH). al-Mabsūṭ. Beirut: Dar al-Ma'rifah.
Selden, R. (1993 AD/1372 SH). A Reader's Guide to Contemporary Literary Theory. (Mokhber, A. Trans). Tehran: Tarh-e No.
Safavi, K. (2001 AD/1380 SH). Linguistics to Literature. Tehran: Sureh Mehr Publications.
Safavi, K. (2011 AD/1390 SH). From Linguistics to Literature. Vol 1: Poetry. Tehran: Sureh Mehr Publications.
Ṭabrisī, A. (n.d.). Mishkāt al-Anwār. 1 vol. Najaf Ashraf - Iraq: Maktabat al-Faqih.
Shahīd Thānī, Z. D. B. A. (1998 AD/1377 SH). Miṣbāḥ al-Sharīʻa. Tehran: Payam-e Haq.
Kulaynī, M. Y. (1984 AD/1363 SH). al-Kāfī. (Ghaffari, A. Ed). Vol 5. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah.
Dinesen (2001 AD/1380 SH). An Introduction to Semiotics. (Ghahreman, M. Trans). Tehran: Abadan.
Daylamī, H. (1988 AD/1408 AH). Aʻlām al-Dīn fī Ṣifāt al-Mu'minīn. 1 vol. Qom - Iran: Mu'assasat Ahl al-Bayt (AS) li Ihya' al-Turath.
Farāhīdī, K. (1801 AD/1210 AH). al-ʻAyn. (Makhzoumi, M; Samerani, I. Eds). Qom: Dar al-Hijrah.
Guiraud, P. (2001 AD/1380 SH). Semiotics. (Nabavi, M. Trans). Tehran: Agah Publishing.
Laythī Wāsiṭī, A. (1997 AD/1376 SH). ʻUyūn al-Ḥikam wal Mawāʻiẓ. 1 vol. Qom - Iran: Dar al-Hadith Scientific and Cultural Institute. Printing and Publishing Organization.
Mazandarani, M. S. (2000 AD/1421 AH). Interpretation of Uṣūl al-Kāfī. (Sharani, M. A; Ashour, A. Res). Vol. 1. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi.
Māwardī, A. M. (1981). Tashīl al-Naẓar wa Taʻjīl al-Ẓafar fī Akhlāq al-Malik. (Sarhan, M. H; Sa'ati, H. Res). Beirut: Dar al-Nashr.
Majlisī, M. B. (1894 AD/1315 AH). Biḥār al-Anwār. N.p.: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah.
Makarick (2001 AD/1380 SH). Encyclopedia of Contemporary Literary Theories. (Mohajer, M; Nabavi, M.Trans). Tehran: Abadan Porsesh.
Manẓūr, M. (1993 AD/1414 AH). Lisān al-ʻArab. Vol. 3. Beirut: Dar Sader.
Miller, J. (2006 AD/1385 SH). Verbal Communication. (Zakavati Qaragozlu, A. Trans). Soroush: Tehran.
Jakobson, R. (1987). Language in Literature. England: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London.
The Discourse Reader. (1999). (Jaworski; Coupland, N. Ed). London: Routledge.